Turbine



- No 30,1926. 1,609,158 I c. w. DAKE TURBINE Filed June 5. 924 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNVENTOR C /ZarZe S i Nov. 30 1926. 1,609,158

C. W. DAKE TURBINE Filed Jung 5, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 C6 7 C 5 j 2-? INVENTOR I I BY W 'ATTORNEY Nbv. 30,1926. 7

- C. W. DAKE TURBINE Filed June 5. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nov. 30,1926. f 1,609,158

I c. w. DAKE TURBINE Filed ne '5. 1 24 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 30, 1925.

UNITED STAT-ES PATENT ()FFl-CE:

CHARLES w. DAKE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Assxenon 010 THE rim-narrower COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; A"COR10RA'TIONUF'NEW"JERSEY,"

TURBINE. I

Application filed June 5,

My invention "relates to improvementsin turbines, primarily intended 'tor use in connection with steam or other elastic fluid. It has for one-object to provide-a new and improved type. of self-governing turbine: Another object isto provide a turbine whereby" the speedof the turbine-is'positively checked by an automatic arrangement when the' spe'ed exceeds a predetermined point,

thus not only limiting excess'speeds but positively tending to reducethe speeds back to the normal when thenormal has been exceeded: Other objects will appear from time to time throughout the-specification and claims. v

Myinvention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanyng drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation in part section along the axial line Figure 2 is a similar view showing the parts in position to check the speed Figure 3 is a front elevation in partjsectionalong the line 4 -4 ofFigure 1;

' Figure 4 is a section along the line l-4 of Figure 1 through the nozzle and'bucket;

Figure 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of F igure" 1' through :the buckets and return passages; v

Figure 6 is a section along the line 6- 6 of Figure 1' through the reversing buckets and nozzle;

Figure 'Tis a side elevationot the wheel in part section Figure'S' is a detail section of tliewvheel showingthe partsin thesameposition as in Figure 2.

Like parts are indicatedbylike characters throughout the specification and drawings:

A is a' generally cylindrical'turbine housing having feet A by which the housing may be attached to any suitable support. A is a packing gland centrally disposedin the slightly conedvvebo'f the housing" A is a cover closing the khousing; A a drain pipe for discharging condensation from the hous ing, A is thesteam or'moti-ve fluid supply pipe and-'15. is the exhaust pipe." The cover is "held-in position on the housing by means of the holding bolts A.

B is the turbine shaft; It is preferably supported in bearings not here shown so as to be substantially *conc'entric with the packing'sl'e'eve A B is the turbine hub'mounted on "the shaft B and held in place" thereon the opposite direction.

by the nutBK B B? are packing rings carried in slots B* in the outerface of the'hub B engaging the inner wall of the packing sleeve- A which sleeve is cham'fered at B to permit the insertion of the hub from the left as 'shown in Figure" 1; The hub f B is flanged asat'jB and carries a wheel web 13? made up of a series of separate segments B preferably stamped orotherwise made from thin springsteel'. These segments may be separate attheir inner or outer peripheries or may be joined together or may be sepa rated intermediate their peripheries. At their inner periphery they engage the flange B being held thereagainst by the ring B threaded on the hub B and clamped thereby rigidly in position. At their-outer peripheries they are bolted to an inwardly extendingJflangeB on the turbine wheel rim B, Some or all otthe'se segments B have projecting w'from one side rigidly -mounted weights B which overhang beyond the point of support of the inner periphery of the wheel.

The'whe'el rim has on itsvouter periphery, two parallel series of buckets, the buckets C being-normally driving buckets, the buckets C being reverse buckets adaptedto work in These buckets are allot them inclined to the faceof the wheel and to a radius of the wheel and have curved bottoms wherebythe steam flowing into the bucket at one side of the wheel comes outot the-other side in the opposite" directioir'having reversed its flow in the usual manner.

C is a nozzle block supplied with steam fromt-he; pipe A through the passage C". This passageC discharges into a tangential passageC from which lead exhausts C C discharging the'steam' against the bucketsC,

O is a return passageblock containing return passages C C adapted to, receive the steam from the bucket G and return it againto those buckets s'othat the steam in its passage from the nozzle-through the working buck loo ets and-returnpassages makes a number'of complete revolutions-on a spiral path gradually giving upits power to the buckets.

This will continue long as the parts are in the-positionshown in-Figure 1. The

steam rushing-inch oneside of the bucket l and flowing-out on-the other side through the return passage and so on. If, however, the bucket wheel be moved laterally into th positionshown in Figure 8, some of the steam instead of being discharged from the bucket into the return passage will be discharged into the reversing pas sage I) which formed in the return passage block C. This steam will have its direction reversed in that passage and will be discharged against the reverse buckets C being thence discharged into the exhaust chamber D in the housing. Thus this steam tending to work against the normal driving of the wheel will check its velocity and tend to reduce its speed. If lateral movement of the wheel continues as far as the position shown in Figure 2, the edge of the wheel D will finally come into line with the nozzles C and cut off the flow altogether.

Any suitable means may be used for.

shifting the wheels laterally first to throw the reversing or retarding buckets into operation and then to altogether out off the flow of motive fluid responsive to speed variations or when the speed reaches or exceeds a predetermined point. One method which I have shown takes the form of the iaterally projecting weights I At normal speeds the spring segments making up the central web of the wheel hold the wheel in line with the nozzle and forward buckets. As the speed eXceeds a predetermined rate, the unhalance of these weights tends to bend the web from the positlon shown in Figure 1 toward the position shown in Figure 2. This bending of the web or of the segments making it up moves the wheel laterally and accomplishes the desired regulating result. As soon as the speed drops down the spring of the wheel tends to resist the tilting action of the weights and returns the wheel and buckets to the normal running position.

The filler ring IE is set into an annular rib E on the inner face of the cover A to limit the lateral, movement of the wheel and provide a renewable friction surface which may be engaged by the edge of the wheel if the action of the weights becomes suflicient to throw the wheel that far. Under normal conditions, this friction ring will seldom come into action but it has a double function, namely, to limit the lateral movement of the wheel and to add a. friction load calculated to retard the wheel and bring it back to a normal rotational speed.

It will be evident that while I have shown in my drawings an operative device, still many changes might be made in the size, shape and disposition of parts without departing materially from the spirit of my invention and I wish, therefore, that my showing be taken as in a large sense diagrammatic.

I clai-m:

1. In a turbine, an elastic fluid rotor, means for supplying an elastic motive fluid thereto to rotate it in a forward dirccti m and means operative after a prcdeterinimwl speed has been reached for causing the ill i-- tive fluid to exert a retarding action on the rotor, and means for shutting off the entire supply of motive fluid when a predetcr mined greater speed has been reached.

2. In a turbine, an elastic fluid rotor. means for supplying an elastic motive fluid thereto to rotate it in a forward direction and means operative after a predetermined speed has been reached for causing a part of the motive fluid to exert a retarding action on the rotor, and means for shutting,

off the entire supply of motive fluid when a predetermined greater speed has been reached.

3. In a turbine, a rotor, means for supplying motive fluid thereto to rotate it in a forward direction and automatic means op erative after a predetermined speed has been reached for causing the motive fluid to exert a retarding action on the rotor, and means for frictionally retarding the speed of the rotor when a greater speed has been reached.

4. In a turbine, a rotor, means for sup plying motive fluid thereto to rotate .it in a forward direction and automatic means operative after a predetermined speed has been reached for causing a part of the motive fluid to exert a retarding action on the rotor, and means for frictionally retard .ing the speed of the rotor when a greater speed has been reached.

5. In a turbine, an elastic fluid rotor. forward and reverse buckets thereon, means for supplying elastic motive fluid to the forvard buckets for normal operation and automatic means operative when a predetermined speed has been reached for directing a compact stream of motive fluid to the reverse buckets.

6. In a turbine, an elastic fluid rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon, means for supplying elastic motive fluid to the for ward buckets for normal operation and automatic means operative when a predetermined speed has been reached for directing a compact stream of motive fluid to the reverse buckets, as well as to the forward buckets.

7. In a turbine, an elastic fluid rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon, means for supplying elastic motive fluid to the 'iorward buckets for normal operation and automatic means operative when a predetermined speed has been reached for directing a compact stream of motive fluid from the forward to the reverse buckets.

8. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon, means for supplying motive fluid to the forward buckets for normal operation and automatic means operative when a predetermined speed has been reached-for supplying motive fluid: tOi the reverse buckets, andautomatic means operative when a higher-speed has beenre-ached for shut-ting off ths supply:of motive'ifluid from the forward buckets.

5).I-n a turbine,a -rotor, -f01"W\1Cl:il1iCl reverse buckets thereon, means :for: supplying -motive'fluid to the forward buckets fornormal operation and automatic meansmperative when a predeterminedspeedhas been reached for supplying motive' fluid to the reverse bucketsyas-well as to the forward buckets, and automatic means 1 operative when a higherspeed-has been reached for shuttlng off the supply'of'inotive fluid from the forward buckets.

'10. 'In a turbine-,- a rotor, forward: andnreverse buckets thereon; means for supplying forward to the reverse ln1'ck'ets. and automatic means operative whena higher-speed has been reached for shutting off the supply of motive fluid'from' the forward buckets.

11. In a turbine, a rotor, forwardand re verse buckets thereon, means i for supplying motive fluid to the forward buckets i for normal operation and automatic governing; means operative-when a predetermined speed has been, reached in'cludingmeans' for supplying motive fiuid' to the reverse buckets. and means for exerting a fI'lClllOllfilIQbfilQh mg actionon the-rotor when a higher predetermined: speed has been reached.

152. In a turbine. a rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon,'--means 'for supplying motive fluidto the'forward buckets fornormal operation and automatic -governine' means operative when a-predetermmed speed has? been reached including means for sup plyinir n'iotivefluid -to= the reverse buckets,

as well as to the forward buckets, and means for exerting a frictional retarding action on the rotor when a higher predetermined speed has been reached.

13. In a turbine, a rotor. forward and reverse buckets thereon, means for supplying; motive fluid to the forward buckets for normal operation and automatic governing means operative when a predetermined speed has been reached including means for guiding motive fluid from the forward to the reverse buckets, and means for exerting! a frictional retarding action on the rotor when a higher predetermined speed has been reached.

14. In a turbine, a rotor. forward andrever e buckets thereon, a nozzle adapted normally to supply motive fluid to the forward buckets, return passages associated with said buckets and adapted to receive motive fluid from and return it to them, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse buckets" andmeans for displacing the/wheel laterally to. cause some of thevmotive -fluid i from' the forward, buckets to be discharged iin to* thenreverse: pocket whens a predeteriimined speed haspbeen reached. a

15.; In a turbine, a-rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon, a nozzle-adaptednor- 1 mally to. supplywmotive'fluid tothe forward buckets, return passages associated with. said buckets and adapted to receive,motivefluid Y from. and return it, to them, a reverse pocket adaptedxto :direct motive flui d to ithe reverse bu'ckets and meansrfor displacing the wheel laterally to c'ausegsome offthe; motive; fluid from: the; forward .buckets to be discharged into the reversewpocket' when a -predeterrmined speed has'been reached ,and to. shut 10ft :the supply of motive fluid when a.hi rher speed has been reached.

1 16. 'In a: t'urbine,, rotor,;forward: and-revrse buckets thereon, a nozzleadap-ted normally' to supply'moti've fluid to Ethe forward buckets, returnpassa-ges associated witltsaid buckets and adapted: to receive-motive fluid from and return it to them, a-reverse pocket [adapted to direct motivefluid to the reverse buckets and means for displacing the Wheel laterally to cause-tsomeofr@theumotive' fluid from the forward: buckets to .be; discharged into the reverse pocket when a. predetermined speed hasibeen reached and to exert a frictional,brakingaction against the edge of theavheel .iwhen. a p1'edetermi'ned higher speed has been'reached.

1 17. In a turbine,a rotoriforwvard and re- -verse buckets thereon, a nozzle adapted noru'ially to-supply TIlOtlVEfifllllCl to ithejforward buckets, return passages associated;with-said bucketsand adaptedtto receive notive fluid from and :return it to them, a reverse xpocket adapted .to directmotive fluid to the reverse buckets and .means for directing some of the motive fluid discharged, from the forward buckets into the reverse pocket when a predetermined speed has been reached.

18. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets thereon. a nozzle adapted normally to supply motive fluid to the forward buckets, return passages associated with said buckets and adapted to receive motive fluid from and return it to them. reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse buckets and means for directing: some of the l'l'lOt-lVG fluid discharged from the forward buckets into the reverse pocket when apredetermined speed has been reached and for shutting off all the motive fluid when a predetermined higher speed has been reached.

19. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and re verse buckets thereon, a nozzle adapted normally to supply motive fluid to the forward buckets, return passages associated with said buckets and adapted to receive motive fluid from and return it to them, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse buckets and means for directing some of the lnotive fluid discharged from the forward buckets into the reverse pocket when a pre determined speed has been reached and for exerting a frictional resistance to retard the wheel when a predetern'iined higher speed has been reached.

20. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets, a nozzle adapted to supply motive fluid to the forward bucket, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse buckets and means operative when the speed of the rotor exceeds a predetermined point for directing the discharge of some of the motive fluid from the forward buckets to the reverse pocket.

21. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets, a nozzle adapted to supply motive fluid to the forward bucket, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse bucket and means operative when the speed of the rotor exceeds a predetermined point for displacing the rotor to cause it to discharge some of the motive fluid from the forward buckets to the reve'se pocket.

22. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets, a nozzle adapted to supply motive fluid to the forward bucket, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse bucket and means operative when the speed of the rotor exceeds a predetermined point for displacing the rotor to cause it to discharge some of the motive fluid from the forward buckets to the reverse pocket, said means being adapted to further dis )lace the rotor and to shut off the supply 0 motive fluid when a predetermined point has been reached.

23. In a turbine, a rotor, forward and reverse buckets, a nozzle adapted to supply motive fluid to the forward bucket, a reverse pocket adapted to direct motive fluid to the reverse bucket and means operative when the speed of the rotor exceeds a predetermined point for displacing; the rotor to cause it to discharge some of the motive fluid from the forward buckets to the reverse pocket, a. friction element adjacent the rotor, said means being adapted when a further in creased speed is reached to further displace the r otor and bring it into engagement with the friction element to check its speed.

2-1:. In a turbine, a nozzle block, a rotor, buckets thereon, means for supplying motive fluid through the nozzle block to the buckets, return passages adapted to receive motive fluid from the rotor buckets and to return them again thereto, a reverse pocket in the nozzle block and a plurality of reverse buckets associated with the main rotor buckets adapted to receive motive fluid from the reverse pocket, means for displacing the wheel laterally responsive to speed variations to permit the main buckets to discharge some of the motive fluid into the reverse pocket.

25. In a turbine, a nozzle block, a rotor, buckets thereon, means for supplying motive fluid through the nozzle block to the buckets, return passages adapted to receive motive fluid from the rotor buckets and to return them again thereto, a reverse pocket in the nozzle block and a plurality of reverse buckets associated with the main rotor buckets adapted to receive motive fluid from the reverse pocket, means for displacing the wheel laterally responsive to speed variations to permit the main buckets to discharge some of the motive fluid into the reverse pocket, said displacing means being adapted to move an unbuckete'd part of the rotor into line with the nozzle and out off the flow of motive fluid when a predetermined speed has been reached.

Signed at Chicago county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 3rd day of June 1924.

CHARLES W. DAKE. 

